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M. S. Thirumalai
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Design of Water Analyzer Using Pulse Voltametry
J. Mathavaraja Jeyaraman
K. Kathiravan
Abstract
This work proposes the development of a new approach for water sample authentication, in real life, using a pulse-voltametry-method-based electronic tongue instrumentation system. The system is developed as a parallel combination of several neural network classifiers; each dedicated to authenticate a specific category of water sample, and can be extended for more categories of water sample authentication. The system employs a slant let-transform (ST)-based feature extraction module and two popular variants of neural networks for classification. The proposed system hybridizes ST with two variants of back propagation-neural-network-based binary classifiers to develop an automated authentication tool. ST is regarded as an improved version of orthogonal discrete wavelet transform that can provide improved time localization with simultaneous achievement of shorter supports for the filters. This proposed system, implemented in a laboratory environment for various water samples available in India, showed encouraging average authentication percentage accuracy, on the order of over 80% for most water categories and even producing accuracy results exceeding 90%, for several categories.
Keywords: Design water analyzer, pulse voltametry, electronic tongue
Introduction
Electronic tongues have been applied to many different fields in the last decades. However, it is in the food quality control and safety where the applicability of these biomimetic systems has been explored more. These electronic tongue systems are mainly optimized for the analysis of water samples. This technique is highly reliable, but it requires several experimental steps (sample preparation, DNA extraction, micro satellite amplification and gel electrophoresis) and skilled personnel to carry out. Recently, a review has covered the research done in the field of electronic and bioelectronics’ tongues for the analysis of water samples. However, one special point that was not covered enough in this review is the data fusion of various measurement techniques (potentiometry, amperometry, conductance, spectrophotometry, gas sensing). These systems are called hybrid electronic tongues because they merge variables of different nature.
This is only the beginning part of the article. PLEASE CLICK HERE TO READ THE ENTIRE ARTICLE IN PRINTER-FRIENDLY VERSION.
J. Mathavaraja Jeyaraman
jmathavaraja@gmail.com
K. Kathiravan
Assistant Professor, Electrical Engineering
electrickathir@rediffmail.com
Theni Kammavar Sangam College of Technology
Theni-625531
Tamilnadu, India
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